What is Linux?

From desktops to supercomputers, Linux is everywhere!

Just like Windows and Mac, it is an operating system and has been around since the 1990s. Linux is basically a Unix-like, Kernal-based, fully-memory-protected, multitasking operating system. It is open-source software that runs on a wide range of hardware, from PCs to even Macs.

What are Linux Commands?

A command is a program that interacts with the kernel to provide the environment and perform the functions called for by the user. A command can be:

a built-in shell command
an executable shell file, known as a shell script
a source compiled, object code file.

Basic Linux Commands

`ls`	Lists all files and directories in the present working directory
`ls -R`	Lists files in sub-directories as well
`ls -a`	Lists hidden files as well
`ls -al`	Lists files and directories with detailed information like permissions, size, owner, etc.
`cd or cd ~`	Navigate to the HOME directory
`cd ..`	Move one level up
`cd`	To change to a particular directory
`cat > filename`	Creates a new file
`cat filename`	Displays the file content
`mv file "new file path"`	Moves the files to the new location
`sudo`	Allows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the superuser or root
`rm filename`	Deletes a file
`man`	Gives help information on a command
`clear`	Clears the terminal
`mkdir directoryname`	Creates a new directory in the present working directory or an at the specified path
`rmdir`	Deletes a directory
`mv`	move files and directories from one directory to another or rename a file or directory
`apt-get`	Command used to install and update packages

File Permission commands

`ls -l`	to show file type and access permission
`r`	read permission
`w`	write permission
`x`	execute permission
`-=`	no permission
`Chown user`	For changing the ownership of a file/directory
`Chown user:group filename`	change the user as well as a group for a file or directory

User management & Networking commands of Linux

`sudo adduser username`	To add a new user
`sudo passwd -l 'username'`	To change the password of a user
`sudo userdel -r 'username'`	To remove a newly created user
`Ping hostname="" or =""`	To ping and Analyze network and host connections
`dir`	Display files in the current directory of a remote computer
`cd "dirname"`	change the directory to “dirname” on a remote computer
`put file`	upload ‘file’ from a local to a remote computer
`get file`	Download the ‘file’ from the remote to the local computer
`quit`	Logout

Conclusion

I hope you guys find it useful, you'll surely find these commands easy in no time!